Ketostal 600 Mechanism of Action

Renal Nutrition Therapy.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids used for nutrition therapy in chronic kidney disease.
In absorption process, the keto- and hydroxy-analogues are transaminated to the corresponding essential amino acids by taking nitrogen from non-essential amino acids, thereby decreasing the formation of urea by re-using the amino group. Hence, the accumulation of uraemic toxins is reduced.
Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids do not induce hyperfiltration of the residual nephrons. Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids containing supplements exert a positive effect on renal hyperphosphataemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Moreover, renal osteodystrophy may be improved. The use of Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids in combination with a very low protein diet allows to reduce nitrogen intake while preventing the deleterious consequences of inadequate dietary protein intake and malnutrition.
Pharmacokinetics: The plasma kinetics of essential amino acids and their integration in the metabolic pathways are well established. It should nevertheless be noted that in uraemic patients, the cause of the changed plasma levels, which occur frequently in these patients, does not seem to be the absorption of the supplied amino acids, i. e. the absorption itself is not disturbed. The changed plasma levels seem to be due to impaired post-absorptive kinetics, which can be detected in a very early stage of the disease.
Gastrointestinal absorption is thus very rapid. The simultaneous increase in the levels of the Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids and the corresponding amino acids show that the Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids are transaminated very rapidly. Due to the physiological utilization pathways of Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids in the body, it is likely that exogenously supplied Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids are very rapidly integrated into the metabolic cycles. Ketoacids follow the same catabolic pathways as classical amino acids. No specific study on Ketoanalogues + Essential Amino Acids excretion has been performed to date.